Ranthambore National Park is a national park in Rajasthan, India, with an area of 1,334 km2 (515 sq mi). It is bounded to the north by the Banas River and to the south by the Chambal River. It is named after the historic Ranthambore Fort, which lies within the park.

Ranthambore National Park was established as Sawai Madhopur Game Sanctuary in 1955, initially covering an area of 282 km2 (109 sq mi). It was declared one of the Project Tiger reserves in 1973 and became a national park on 1 November 1980. In 1984, the adjacent forests were declared the Sawai Man Singh Sanctuary and Keladevi Sanctuary. In 1992, the Tiger Reserve was expanded to include the adjoining Keladevi Sanctuary in the north and Sawai Mansingh Sanctuary to the south along with other forests.

Ranthambore National Park harbours Bengal tiger, Indian leopard, caracal, jungle cat, rusty-spotted cat, Indian elephant, wild water buffalo, gaur, nilgai, barasingha, blackbuck, chinkara, chousingha, wild boar, chital, sambar, Indian muntjac, Indian hog deer, striped hyena, dhole, Indian wolf, Bengal fox, Indian jackal, leopard cat, Asian palm civet, Indian grey mongoose, ruddy mongoose, long-eared hedgehog, Northern palm squirrel, Indian porcupine, Indian hare, lesser bandicoot rat, honey badger, Indian flying fox, greater false vampire bat, Indian gerbil, Indian pangolin, sloth bear, southern plains gray langur, rhesus macaque, mugger crocodile. The sanctuary is home to a wide variety of trees, plants, birds and reptiles, as well as one of the largest banyan trees in India.